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Holy Monastery of Zografou: the monastery with the three miraculous icons of Saint George and Virgin Mary Epakouousa

Where is the Holy Monastery of Zografou and who are its founders The Holy Monastery of Zografou is built on an invisible wooded slope of the northwestern side of the Athonian peninsula. It is located at an altitude of 160 meters, it is 40 minutes from the beach, while it is 3.5 hours from Karyes. The Holy Monastery of Zografou celebrates Saint George (April 23) and is in 9th place in the hierarchy of the monasteries of Mount Athos. Who are the founders of Monastery of Zografou According to the tradition, the founders of Zografou Monastery are considered to be three brother monks, Moses, Aaron and John from Ahrida, who lived on Mount Athos in the 10th century. However, historical evidence testifies to another version of the establishment of the Monastery. In the first charter of Tsimiskis (972), George the Painter (in Greek, Zografos) is mentioned as the builder of the Zografou Monastery, who signs as abbot of the Monastery. The Zografou Monastery is dedicated to Saint George, as an old miraculous icon is preserved, which is one of the most important relics of the Monastery. The Holy Monastery of Zografou over the centuries Historical information about the course of the Monastery up to the 13th century is limited, however we speculate that Bulgarian monks lived there since then. Crisis at the Holy Monastery of Zografou due to the union of the two Churches At the end of the same century, the history of Zografou Monastery is stained with blood. Emperor Michael VIII and Patriarch Vekkos ordered the martyrdom of 26 monks from the Zografou Monastery, who refused the union of the two Churches and the unification policy of the state and ecclesiastical authorities. Nevertheless, Emperor Michael made rich donations to the monastery and helped in its development. In 1873 a cenotaph was built in memory of these Martyrs of the Zografou Monastery, with an inscription confirming that the events took place in 1276. Pirate raids hit the Holy Monastery of Zografou The monastery suffered from raids by Catalan pirates in the period 1307-1309, as a result of which many buildings were destroyed. However, the Monastery soon recovered with the sponsorship and support of the Palaiologos Emperors and the rulers of the Transdanubian countries. In the 15th century, the ruler of Moldovlachia, Stefanos the Great, decisively helped the Zografou Monastery and offered it a series of metochia. Until the beginning of the 19th century in the Monastery, together with the Bulgarian monks, there were also Greek and Serbian monks. However, from 1845 onwards, only Bulgarians remained. The renovation of the Holy Monastery of Zografou and the new buildings In the period 1862-1896, almost half of the Monastery was renovated. Then the heavy buildings of the northern side with the monks' cells, the propylon and the western wing were added. The Church of the Monastery was built at the beginning of the 19th century. The frescoes of the Church were done in 1817, while the narthex was done in 1840. North-west of the church is placed the phiale of the Holy Water on eight columns, as well as the chapel of the Dormition of the Virgin, built in 1758-1764. The refectory (trapeza) was built in 1896 and at a point above there is the Church of Saints Cyril and Methodius. In recent years, in 1974, the Monastery of Zografou experienced a relatively small fire that destroyed the south side. Metochia of the Holy Monastery of Zografou Zografou Monastery has 8 chapels inside the monastery and 8 chapels outside. In previous years, it had metochia in areas of Romania, Bulgaria, Russia and Turkey, but today it only has what is left in the Greek area. The Library of Monastery of Zografou The library is located in the tower of the Monastery and includes 126 Greek and 388 Slavic manuscripts, as well as about 10,000 printed books. Perhaps the most important manuscript of the Monastery is the Bulgarian code no. 17, Rabomir's psalter of the 13th century. Also, three Slavic manuscripts are considered of high historical value: the 13th century Dragan's Calendar with the lives of the martyred Saints, the Slavic codex no. 28, a Tetraevangeli in Slavic from 1569 and finally, the Slavic codex no. 1 of 1745, which essentially constitutes the first recording of the history of Bulgaria by the monk Paisios. The relics of Monastery of Zografou: the miraculous icons of the Virgin Mary and Saint George Heirlooms, vestments, wood carvings, icons and relics of Saints are kept in the sacristy of the Monastery. Among the famous relics of the Zografou Monastery are the two miraculous icons of Theotokos, Virgin Mary of Akathistos and Virgin Mary of Epakouusa. In addition, the Holy Monastery of Zografou owns three miraculous icons of Saint George the Great Martyr. The first icon is associated with the three founders of the Monastery, Moses, Aaron and John. According to tradition, at some point the three brothers were trying to decide which Saint they would tell to be the patron saint of the monastery. Then, they prayed for a divine sign to be sent to them and left a piece of wood in the Temple. The next day, they returned to the Temple and found the unmade image of Saint George depicted on the board. Thus, they named the Monastery with the name of Zografou (=painter’s), after the icon that was found miraculously painted. The second icon of Saint George comes from Arabia and is placed on the eastern column in the left choir. This icon has a silver plating made in 1822. Finally, the third icon of Saint George is placed at the end of the horn of the left choir, in an iconostasis of the Abbot of Moldavia, Stephen, in 1546. Contact with Monastery of Zografou: Phone: +30 2377 0 23247 Email: [email protected], [email protected]

Holy Monastery of Xiropotamou: here is the largest piece of Sacred Wood in the world!

Where is the Holy Monastery of Xiropotamos and how can a visitor reach it The Holy Monastery of Xiropotamou is located at an altitude of 200m. from the sea, west from the Holy Monastery of Simonopetra and east from the Monastery of Saint Panteleimon. If a pilgrim starts from Dafni, the port of Mount Athos, he has to cross a path about half an hour's walk, in a north-easterly direction. This path is a narrow dirt road, with a total length of 11 km, that connects Dafni with Karyes, the capital of Mount Athos. On the other hand, if a pilgrim starts from Karyes, it will take about two hours to walk on this dirt road, in the opposite direction. When was the Holy Monastery of Xiropotamou founded and who is considered the first founder According to the tradition, the Holy Monastery of Xiropotamou was founded by Empress Pulcheria, wife of Emperor Markianus, in the year 424 AD. On the other hand, there are stories that point to Constantine VII the Porphyrogenitus or Romanos I Lekapinos as the founders of the Xiropotamou Monastery. However, according to historical sources, a more probable version for the real founder of the Monastery seems to be the monk Pavlos Xiropotaminos. The foundation of Xiropotamou Monastery dates back to the end of the 10th century by the monk Pavlos, who signed the first charter or Typikon (972 AD) of Mount Athos. The heyday of the: 11th – 15th century The Holy Monastery of Xiropotamou went through a long period of prosperity, starting from the 11th century and reaching the beginning of the 13th century. The monks had on their side the Emperor Palaiologos Michael VIII, who loved the Monastery and supported it financially. In 1280 a great fire destroyed a large part of the Xiropotamou Monastery and the emperor Andronikos II Paleologos greatly helped in the restoration of the monastery, offering financial resources and donations. For his great contribution to the Monastery, the emperor Andronikos II Paleologos is honored as one of the new founders of the Monastery. During the 14th and 15th centuries, there were many royals from Serbia, who offered financial support to the Monastery of Xiropotamou. With this money, high defensive walls and towers were built. The period of decline of the Holy Monastery of Xiropotamou: 16th century The 16th century was difficult for the Holy Monastery of Xiropotamou, which gradually fell into decline. At the beginning of the 16th century, in 1507 AD. the monastery burned down again. This time, Sultan Selim I greatly helped in the relief and restoration of the monastery. Sultan Selim I decided to help the Monastery after a dream he had with the 40 Martyrs in the shape of soldiers, who promised him that they would help him defeat the enemies, if he helped build the Monastery of Xiropotamou. Thus, the Monastery was renovated from the ground up. In 1760, a new period of prosperity began for the Holy Monastery of Xiropotamou with the support of the Ecumenical Patriarchs, Timothy II and Methodius I. In addition, Caesarios Daponte made a long tour, in many parts of Greece, but also in the Transdanubian area to collect financial support for the Holy Monastery of Xiropotamos. He lived for several years in the Monastery of Xiropotamou and oversaw the rebuilding of the Church during the period 1761-1763. The monk Kaisarios Daponte was laid to rest in the year 1784 and many of his manuscripts are kept in the Library of the Monastery. The Church of the Holy Monastery of Xiropotamou The Church of the Monastery of Xiropotamou is built in the center of the courtyard, it is dedicated to the 40 Martyrs and celebrates on March 9. Due to the terrain, the Church is facing North and on the outside there is an inscription written by the monk Caesarios Daponte, where the history of the Monastery is mentioned. There are 200 portable icons in the Church of the Holy Monastery of Xiropotamou. Since 1981, the Holy Monastery of Xiropotamou has been operating in the communal system and occupies the 8th place in the hierarchy of the monasteries of Mount Athos. The Monastery owns the port of Dafni, six dry river cells, seven chapels and nine chapels. The Library and Relics of the Holy Monastery of Xiropotamou In the Library of Xiropotamou Monastery there are 409 manuscripts and more than 4,000 printed books. The Sacred Wood, the "Phiale of Pulcheria" and the holy relics of 61 Saints In the Holy Monastery of Xiropotamou there is the largest piece of Sacred Wood in the world, as it is 31 cm long, 16 cm wide and 25 cm thick. According to tradition, this part of the Holy Wood was given as a gift to the Monastery by Emperor Romanos I or by Empress Pulcheria. In fact, a hole from the nails of the Crucifixion can be found on the part of the Holy Cross. Thus, the Monastery of Xiropotamou also celebrates on the Holy Cross (September 14). In addition, in the sacristy is kept part of the gifts of the Biblical Magi, who worshiped the birth of the Lord Jesus Christ, part of the Crown of Thorns, the Sponge and holy cloak. Another important relic kept in the Holy Monastery of Xiropotamou on Mount Athos is the famous disc of steatite stone, known as the "bottle of Pulcheria". In the sacristy of the Monastery, the sacred and holy relics of sixty-one saints are kept, including the bones of the Holy Forty Martyrs. Furthermore, four episcopal rods, of which two are made of electron, gold-embroidered sacred Vestments and liturgical Vessels are also preserved with great reverence. Contact with Monastery of Xiropotamou: Phone: +30 23770 23733 Email: [email protected]

Holy Monastery of Koutloumousi: here is kept the miraculous icon of Panagia the Formidable Protection

Where is the Holy Monastery of Koutloumousi? The Holy Monastery of Koutloumousi is built near Karyes, the capital of Mount Athos, and is dedicated to the Transfiguration of the Savior (August 6). The Monastery occupies the sixth place in the hierarchy of the monasteries of Mount Athos. When was the Koutloumousi Monastery founded and who is the founder The Holy Monastery of Koutloumousi seems to be built before 1169, as it is mentioned in an official document of that year. The founder of the Monastery is considered to be a monk, called Kallistos, who came from the court of Koutloumos, progenitor of the Christianized Seljuk dynasty. The Holy Monastery of Koutloumousi over the centuries From the first years of its foundation, the Monastery of Koutloumousi had as a benefactor the emperor Alexios I Comnenus, who helped the monastery to flourish. The struggle of the monks against the union with the papal church During 13th century the Monastery faced a big crisis, due to the insistence coming from outside for the union of the two Churches. During the reign of Emperor Michael, a military detachment arrived at Mount Athos in order to enforce the union. The tragic events that took place during the struggle of the Athonite monks, led to the hanging of several monks from Koutloumousi, who were then buried behind the Church of the monastery. The annexations of monasteries give strength to Koutloumousi After these events, in 1287, the first abbot (Protos) of Mount Athos granted the Stavronikita Monastery to Koutloumousi. Some years later, in 1329, the Anapavsa Monastery was also given to Monastery of Koutloumousi. These accessions, combined with the spiritual struggle of the fathers, brought an important period of prosperity to the Monastery of Koutloumousi. At the same time, in the 14th century, the Monastery's relations with Wallachia began. The heyday of the monastery came with the enlightened guidance of Abbot Chariton from Imbro, mainly in the second half of the 14th century. Chariton secured significant help from Alexander Basarab and John Vladislavos, who sent great financial help and ushered in a new period of reconstruction. Pirate attacks hit the Koutloumousi Monastery At the same time, Koutloumousi was experiencing hard times with the predatory raids of Catalan and Turkish pirates. In this critical period, Andronikos II Paleologos, and then Theodora Kantakouzene (wife of Orhan), significantly helped the Monastery to stand strong again. In 1393 the Ecumenical Patriarch Antonios declared Koutloumousi a Stavropegic and Patriarchal Monastery. At the beginning of the 15th century, the monks of Koutloumousi Monastery settled and annexed the Monastery of Saint Alypios, which was then deserted. Then, with a patriarchal seal in 1428, the Monastery of Saint Alypios was absorbed officially by Koutloumousi Monastery, which gained more power. Fires weaken the Monastery of Koutloumousi The great period of prosperity was followed by decline, to which the great fire of 1497 also contributed. In 1767 another fire destroyed the eastern side of the Koutloumousi Monastery. The assistance of the Patriarch of Alexandria Matthew III was decisive in the renovation of the Monastery. In the middle of the 19th century, in 1856, the Monastery of Koutloumousi returned to the communal system of administration. A little later, in 1857 and 1870, the fire came again with ferocity to hit the buildings of the Monastery. The repairs were completed with the memorable effort of Abbot Meletios. The Monastery of Koutloumousiou in recent years After World War II, the Monastery was in serious danger of lack of monks. This fact, as well as the loss of a large part of its property, endangered the survival of the Monastery. At the same time, another blow to the Monastery was the last fire that occurred in 1980, the damage of which was restored in recent years. The buildings and metochia of Koutloumousi Monastery The Church of Koutloumousi dates back to 1540 and is a classic example of Athonite architecture, while its original hagiographies were painted based on the Cretan School. The phiale of the Holy Water and the belfry are works of the 19th century. In the possession of the Monastery are 18 Cells and the beautiful hermitage of Saint Panteleimon (1790) with 22 Huts. The wood-carved iconostasis is of particular artistic value. The Holy Monastery of Koutloumousi has 7 chapels inside the monastery field and 7 chapels outside. In the chapel of Theotokos the Formidable Protection there is also the miraculous icon of the same name of the Virgin Mary "Formidable Protection". This image has remained untouched by the sweeping fires and protected the Monastery from pirate attacks. Here you can find images of Our Lady of Formidable Protection. The Library and the relics of Koutloumousi Monastery Church utensils, sacred vestments and important portable icons are kept in the Holy Monastery of Koutloumousi. In addition, holy relics of many Saints are kept, such as Saint Gerasimos, Saint Panteleimon, Saint Anna, Gregory the Theologian and Saint Charalambous. In the library are kept 662 manuscripts and about 3,500 printed books. Contact with Monastery of Koutloumousi: Phone: +30 23770 23226, +30 23770 23731 Email: [email protected]

Holy Monastery of Agios Pavlos: a brief history of the Monastery with the miraculous icon of Our Lady of Myrovlytissa

Where is the Holy Monastery of Agios Pavlos? The Holy Monastery of Agios Pavlos (Saint Paul) is the southernmost monastery on the western side of Mount Athos and is commemorated on the Hypapante - Presentation of Jesus at the Temple (February 2). The Monastery is located at an altitude of 140m. and just 20 minutes from the sea. Today the Holy Monastery of Agios Pavlos is in the 14th place in the ranking of the Holy Monasteries. When was the Monastery of Agios Pavlos founded and who is the founder? The founder of the monastery is Saint Paul of Xeropotamou, who was also the founder of the Xeropotamos monastery near Dafni, the port of Mount Athos. In fact, during the 10th and 11th centuries there are two monasteries with the name Xeropotamou on Mount Athos, since the current monastery of Agios Pavlos was established with this name permanently from 1108 onwards. The Holy Monastery of Agios Pavlos over the centuries: the history of the Monastery At the beginning of the 14th century, the Monastery of Agios Pavlos was looted, destroyed and deserted. The successive hardships suffered by the Monastery made it a Cell, i.e. a part of the Xeropotamou Monastery. However, in 1365 the Monastery came under the jurisdiction of two Serbian monks of aristocratic origin, Gerasimos Radonias and Antonio Pigasis. Their presence particularly benefited the Monastery, which was recognized as eighteenth in the hierarchy of holy monasteries in the third Typical of 1394. A few years later, in 1401, the Holy Monastery of Xeropotamou recognizes for the first time as independent the Monastery of Agios Pavlos in an official document of the Patriarch Matthew. Periods of prosperity and decline in the monastery In the 15th century, the Monastery was strengthened by John VII and VIII Paleologos, the Serbian ruler Giur and his brother Lazarus. Many other rulers from the Danube regions, Romanians and Greeks, were benefactors of the Monastery. Thus, the Monastery of Agios Pavlos regained its strength and in the 15th century the northern side was built, while in the 16th century the defense tower of the monastery was erected. The heyday of the 17th century was followed by the decline of the 18th century due to a lack of financial resources, after the harsh taxation by the Turkish authorities. At the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century, monk Grigorios and archimandrite Anthimos Komnenos helped the monastery to recover and paid off the debts. In 1817, the construction of the Church began and was completed in 1844, on St. George's Day. Until today many more repairs and additions took place in the Monastery. The last catastrophic event suffered by the Monastery of Agios Pavlos was the fire of 1902, and then the flood of 1911. The chapels of the Monastery of Agios Pavlos The Monastery of Agios Pavlos has nine chapels located within its monastic complex. What stands out mostly is the chapel of Saint George, one of the oldest buildings of the monastery, which dates back to the 15th century. This chapel is decorated with important and admirable frescoes of the Cretan school of the year 1554, works of the iconographer Antonio, according to an inscription. The Accessories of the Monastery of Agios Pavlos: Tabernacles, Cells, Seats, Quiet Rooms The Monastery of Agios Pavlos includes two Sketes: the picturesque New Skete or Skete of the Presentation of Theotokos and the Romanian Skete of Saint Demetrius, also known as Lakkoskete. In addition, three cells in Karyes, the capital of Mount Athos, belong to the Monastery: the cell of Saint Andreas, where today it is the representative office of the Monastery, the cell of Saints Theodors, located one hundred meters NW of the representative office and the cell of Hepapanti. Among the metochia of the Monastery of Agios Pavlos are two Kathismata and six Hermitages: the Kathisma of Virgin Mary, in a location NW of the Monastery at a distance of 20 minutes on foot, and the Kathismaof Saint Prodromos in the same direction. The six Hermitages of the Monastery are located between Agios Pavlos Monastery and Nea Skete. These Hermitages are of the Holy Trinity, Daniel, Damascene, Joseph, Zarkadi and Hairi Hermitage. The relics and the Library of the Monastery of Agios Pavlos The relics of the Monastery of Agios Pavlos include Holy utensils and vestments, a piece of Holy Wood, as well as the foot of Saint Gregory the Theologian. One of the most important relics of the Monastery is due to Mara, daughter of the Vranković family and wife of Sultan Murat II, who sent the precious Gifts of the Three Magi to the Monastery of Agios Pavlos, when they had fallen into the hands of the Turks. As we know, these Gifts are gold, frankincense and myrrh. The frankincense and myrrh are preserved as a mixture in small pellets, while the gold is in the form of twenty-eight carved tiles. With a sultanic document kept in the archives of the Monastery, the information about the delivery of the Sacred Gifts is validated. In addition, in the sacristy of the Monastery is kept an extraordinary shepherd's cross with pearls and 40 miniatures. Panagia Myrovlitissa In the Monastery of Agios Pavlos there is the icon of Saint George and the icon of Panagia Myrovlitissa. According to testimonies, the icon of Panagia Myrovlitissa was located in the well-known monastery of Constantinople, with the name of Myrelaiou. Saint Pavlos Xiropotaminos took the icon from there and transferred it to the second monastery he founded, that is, to the Monastery of Agios Pavlos. At some point this holy icon began to exude myrrh and for this reason it got the name Myrovlitissa. In the library of the Holy Monastery of Agios Pavlos, 494 manuscripts and over 12,000 printed books have been stored. Contact with Monastery of Agios Pavlos: Phone: +30 23770 23741, +30 23770 23905 Email: [email protected]

Holy Monastery Grigoriou: the monastery dedicated to Saint Nikolaos

Where is the Holy Monastery Grigoriou and when does it celebrate? The Holy Monastery Grigoriou is a coastal Monastery and easily accessible by boat that transports pilgrims from the port of Mount Athos, Dafni. It is built on the west side, on rocks 30m high. and it is one hour away from the Holy Monastery of Simonopetra and the Holy Monastery of Dionysios. Since 1574, the Holy Monastery of Gregoriou occupies the seventeenth place in the hierarchy of the monasteries of Mount Athos and celebrates on December 6th the feast of Saint Nicholas. When was the Holy Monastery Grigoriou founded and who is its founder? The Holy Monastery Grigoriou was founded in the period 1310-1314 by Saint Gregory the younger (December 7), the so-called hesychast and silent man. The Monastery is contemporary with the Holy Monasteries Dionysiou and Pantokrator, however, not much information is preserved about the activity of the Monastery during the first centuries. According to historical sources, Saint Gregory was a student of Saint Gregory of Sinai and lived in the Skete of Magoulas. Over time and as his spiritual children grew, Gregory decided to descend lower and build the Monastery in its current location. Unfortunately, the pirate raids and looting forced Saint Gregory to leave Mount Athos and find refuge in Serbia. Eventually, Saint Gregory was laid to rest in the new Monastery he built there. The two big fires that destroyed the Monastery The fire of 1497 The fire of 1497 was caused by pirates and almost leveled the Gregoriou Monastery. The Monastery was really in danger of being deserted, but in 1513 the abbot Spyridon managed to secure money from the Moldavian ruler Stefanos. The Monastery not only survived, but was completely rebuilt and became more magnificent. The fire of 1761 The ravages of fire hit the Monastery again in 1761. The difficulties were overcome thanks to the action of the leading personality of the Elder Ioakeim Akarnan, known as Makrygenis. Elder Joachim succeeded in raising money to rebuild the Monastery and make it a force to be reckoned with again. In fact, he himself undertook the restoration of the new Church, which was even more impressive than the previous one and is preserved to this day. The construction of the Church was completed in 1768, while the frescoes were completed in 1779 by two painters, Gabriel and Gregory from Kastoria. At the same time, in 1783 Elder Joachim also built the south wing, which still exists today. Saint Anastasia, the Roman patroness of the Gregory Monastery During that period, the donation of the holy relics of Saint Anastasia of Rome was also made to the Monastery of Gregory (October 29). Since then, Saint Anastasia has continuously performed miracles and is honored as the third patroness of the monastery, after Saint Nicholas and Saint Gregory. The Monastery of Gregoriou during the period of the Greek War of Independence in 1821 During the Greek Revolution, the Monastery of Gregoriou went through difficult times and lost its wealth. The consequent poverty in which the Monastery fell, forced it to ask the Holy Monastery of Great Lavra to become its subsidiary, without however knowing the outcome of this request. In 1840, the Monastery passed to the communal system of administration and the first abbot was elder Neophytos, who built the Church narthex that we still see today. In 1851, the chapel of Saint Georgios was also built. A few years later, in 1859, Symeon was appointed abbot of the Gregoriou Monastery and in the 46 years of his hegemony, he managed to pay off the debts of the Monastery which amounted to 170,000 grossia. At the same time, he initiated a new period of reconstruction and supported the construction of new facilities. The Library and the relics of the Monastery of Gregoriou The manuscripts of the Gregory Monastery are approximately 297, of which 11 are parchments and the printed forms reach 6,000. Among the great manuscripts of the Monastery, there is also the unique manuscript "The Shepherd" by Hermas, which is one of the occult works of the Gospel. The treasures of the Monastery include a small part of the Holy Cross, church utensils and vestments. In addition, holy relics of Saints are kept, such as Saints Cosmas and Damian, Gregory of Nazianzus, Dionysios the Aeropagite, the right hand of Gregory the Theologian, as well as relics of Saint Anastasia. Among the well-known miraculous icons of the Monastery are Panagia Paleologina, Panagia Galaktotrofousa and the icon of Saint Nikolaos. Finally, the Monastery has 7 chapels inside and 6 chapels outside the monastery. Also, the monastery has 3 Kathismata and 6 Cells. Contact with Monastery of Grigoriou: Phone: +30 23770 23668, +30 23770 23671 Email: [email protected]

Holy Monastery Iviron: the history of the Monastery and the miraculous icon of Panagia Portaitissa

Where is the Holy Monastery of Iviron and what position does it hold in the hierarchy? On the north-eastern side of Athos is one of the oldest monasteries of Mount Athos. The Monastery of Iviron is an imposing Monastery that was founded at the end of the 10th century, shortly after the foundation of the Holy Monastery of Great Lavra and Holy Great Monastery of Vatopedi. Hierarchically, it ranks third among the other 20 monasteries of Mount Athos and celebrates the Dormition of the Virgin. The monastic complex of the Iviron Monastery is majestic and impressive. The entrance to the Monastery is on the north side and the Catholic Church on the east side of the courtyard. Along the courtyard, the large spire, the “Trapeza” (=dining room) and the library building can be seen, making the courtyard an extremely beautiful space. The wings surrounding the courtyard contain the monks' cells, the administration buildings, the tower, the manor and the guardrooms, organizing the monastery into an elaborate quadrilateral formation. When was the Holy Monastery of Iviron founded and who is the founder The Monastery of Iviron was originally founded in the 8th century and was known as the Monastery of Clement. However, in 980, a group of Georgian monks from the Great Lavra and under the guidance of the eminent monk John Tournikios, strengthened the monastery and made it a major power. Ioannis Tornikios as a monk was called by the emperor of Byzantium Basil II and together they suppressed the rebellion of the general Barda Skleros (or Sclerus). From the spoils and the imperial donations, the oldest monastery of Clement was enlarged and the Monastery of Iviron was created. Saint Ioannis and his natural son Saint Euthymios - founder of the monastery and later abbot - emerged as enlighteners of the monks in Iviron monastery. Thus, from 1010 onwards, the Monastery has its current name, in honor of its creators (Iberia was the name of the region of Georgia). Since then, many monasteries were attached to the Monastery, providing it with additional wealth and prosperity. Some of these monasteries are that of Leontios in Thessaloniki, Ioannis Kolovos in Ierissos, Saint Savvas of Chaldos and Kaspakos. The Holy Monastery of Iviron through the ages: a short history The Holy Monastery of Iviron did not escape challenges and disasters. Many attacks by pirates, mainly Franks, hit it during the 10th and 11th centuries. In addition, at the beginning of the 15th century, the Monastery found itself in a difficult financial position, but with persistence, dedication and effort, it fully recovered at the end of the century. In this effort, the undivided support of the Paleologus emperors and the rulers of Serbia and Georgia played an important role. During that time, the Monastery gained new strength and recognition, while also acquiring several Greek monks. Later, during the difficult times of the 16th century, many Georgian rulers benefited the Monastery and brought it out of its financial impasse. During the 18th century, the Iberian Monastery experienced a long period of prosperity and development, thanks to the strong support from Georgian and Romanian rulers, as well as Ecumenical Patriarchs. However, in 1865 the monastery was almost completely destroyed by an uncontrollable fire, but it was quickly restored, preserving its architectural luxury and spiritual wealth. During the Greek War of Independence of 1821, the Holy Monastery of Iviron provided significant financial assistance and supported the struggle until the end. In fact, the Patriarch and Ethnomartyr Gregory V, also spent some time in the Monastery, during his period of exile. The chapels of the Monastery The Holy Monastery of Iviron has 16 chapels, which impress with their frescoes, such as those of Saint Nikolaos and the Holy Archangels. The relics of 165 Saints are kept in the Catholicos, as well as pieces of the instruments used in the Crucifixion of the Lord. In the courtyard of the monastery, there is the chapel of Saint John the Forerunner, built on top of the old Church of the Monastery of Clement. Also, the cemetery of the Monastery commemorates Saint Athanasios, patriarch of Alexandria, and is located to the north of the Monastery. The sacred relics of the Iviron Monastery What makes the Iviron Monastery special and important in the world of Orthodoxy is its sacristy and library. Some of the most important treasures of Mount Athos are kept in the monastery's sacristy. Known relics of the Church are the famous lemon tree - a silver seven-light lamp - and the door from the exonarthex to the austere made of silver and ebony. Other known treasures of the Monastery are the so-called bag of John Tsimiskis, the priestly uniform of Patriarch Dionysios and the Great Gospel, a gift from Peter the Great. Priceless artefacts, gold-embroidered vestments, church utensils and other unique sacred relics. In addition, it contains imperial and patriarchal documents, some of which are the chrysovuls of the emperors Michael II Palaiologos and John VI Kantakouzenos. The library of the Monastery of Ibera The library of the Monastery is very well organized and hides within it a rich treasure of knowledge. More than twenty thousand documents have been archived in the library, of which 33 are archetypes and 11,000 old printed books. In addition, more than 2300 manuscript codices are kept there, among them 223 parchments in the Greek and Georgian languages, as well as 14 liturgical scrolls. The miraculous icon of Panagia Portaitissa Panagia Portaitissa is an important religious and spiritual treasure for Mount Athos. The miraculous icon of Panagia Portaitissa is one of the most precious relics of the Monastery and protects the entire Mount Athos. Next to the old entrance of the Monastery we find the chapel of Panagia Portaitissa, in which the miraculous icon of Panagia is kept. The holy icon is taken out of the chapel and transferred to the Catholic only during the festivities and a litany is held on Easter Tuesday. How did the icon of Panagia Portaitissa arrive on Mount Athos? According to tradition, during the period of the iconoclasm, many believers threw the holy icons into the sea to protect them from the iconoclasts. One of these images was precisely the Virgin Mary Portaitissa. A pious woman in Nicaea threw the icon of the Virgin into the sea so that it would not be destroyed in the hands of enemies. The woman was overcome with feelings of sadness for the loss of the icon, but the Virgin Mary comforted her in her sleep, promising that the icon would reach a holy place and the faithful from all nations would worship it for centuries. Thus, with divine intervention, the icon miraculously appeared on Mount Athos in 1004 AD. The icon miraculously floated upright on the sea and stood in front of the Holy Monastery of Iviron. The monks who were there tried reverently to catch the icon and pull it out of the sea, but all efforts were in vain. It seemed as if an invisible force was not allowing the image to approach. This mystery was solved with the appearance of Virgin Mary to a monk named Gabriel, who was ascetic at a higher altitude, on a hill above the Monastery. Virgin Mary appeared in front of him and asked him to carry the icon to the Monastery himself, with the following words: "I want you to pick up my icon from the sea because I find you worthy to carry it to the Monastery". The monk Gabriel obeyed the will of the Virgin Mary and received the icon from the sea. Incredible admiration flooded the hearts of the other monks, as the monk Gabriel miraculously walked on the waves of the sea and took the holy icon. As soon as the monk Gabriel touched the icon, holy water began to flow from that point. The monk Gabriel together with the other monks of the Monastery and the abbot, transferred the icon of Panagia Portaitissa to the Church of the Monastery and placed it in the center, in a prominent position. The next day, however, the icon was found again outside the monastery. Each time it was moved inside, the image returned to its original position. The monks, recognizing the will of the Virgin Mary, realized that the icon wanted to remain near the gate. Making this event a point of reference and motivation of spiritual strength, the monks decided to build a chapel next to the gate of the Monastery to house the icon. There, the icon of Panagia Portaitissa stands proudly as the protector and guardian of all the monks of Mount Athos. The festive days, as well as the litany ceremony of the image of the Virgin Portaitissa, gather believers and pilgrims from various regions, giving a special spiritual and festive atmosphere to Mount Athos. The icon of Our Lady Portaitissa is a symbol of faith, love and hope for the faithful and continues to attract believers from all over the world who seek to find spiritual solace in the monastic state of Mount Athos. Contact with Iviron Monastery: Phone: +30 23770 23643, +30 23770 23248 Email: [email protected]

Holy Monastery of Dochiari: the Monastery of Archangels and Soldiers

Where is the Holy Monastery of Dochiari and how to access it The Holy Monastery of Dochiari is located on the western side of the Athos peninsula and is the first coastal monastery that we see as we sail from Ouranoupoli to Dafni, the port of Mount Athos. The Monastery is located at an altitude of 30m. and at a distance of about one hour from the Holy Monastery of Xenophon. The Holy Monastery of Dochiari is located at a distance of 15 kilometers from Karyes, the capital of Mount Athos, and approximately 3 – 3:30 hours of walking is required for this distance. When was the Holy Monastery of Dochiari built and who is considered its founder According to tradition, the founder of the Monastery of Dochiariou is considered to be the student and co-practitioner of Saint Athanasios the Athonite, Euthymios. The monk Euthymios had previously been a storekeeper at the Holy Monastery of Great Lavra. Initially, Euthymios founded, in the 10th century, a monastery in Dafni, dedicated to Saint Nikolaos. However, at the beginning of the 11th century, the Monastery was destroyed and moved to its current location. The current building of the Holy Monastery of Dochiari forms an irregular pentagon, with its defensive tower standing prominently on the eastern side. In the center of the small sloping courtyard dominates the Church, a 16th century building. The bright and admirably beautiful Katholiko (=the main church of the monastery) is decorated with excellent frescoes of the Cretan School, probably by the Cretan painter Tzortzis. The amphitheater position of the monastery, the cypress trees and its distinct architecture, rank the Monastery of Dochiari as one of the most picturesque monastic complexes of Mount Athos. Today, the Holy Monastery of Dochiari occupies the 10th place in the hierarchy of the monasteries of Mount Athos. The prosperity period of the Holy Monastery of Dochiari and its benefactors The Holy Monastery of Dochiari is mentioned for the first time in the official papers of 1045, in which the signature of an abbot named Theodoulos "Theodoulos monk and abbot of Dochiario" is found. Emperor Nikiforos III Botaneiatis was one of the first benefactors of the Dochiari Monastery, who helped the Monastery financially and covered the costs for its expansion. For this reason, the emperor Nikephoros III Botaneiatis is considered as the co-founder of the Monastery. At the end of the 11th century, the abbot of the Monastery Neophytos renovated and enlarged the Monastery, giving it new prestige. As we can conclude from the “Typica” (=official papers) of Mount Athos, the Monastery of Dochiari was in a flourishing position during the first three centuries since its foundation (10th - 13th century). However, at the end of the 13th and beginning of the 14th century, the Monastery of Dochiari experienced difficulties due to multiple pirate raids and entered a period of decline. In these difficult times, the emperor John V Palaiologos and the ruler of Serbia Stefanos Dusan significantly strengthened the Monastery. During the 16th century, the priest George from Adrianople visited the Monastery of Dochiariou to become a monk and dedicated all his possessions to it. In 1570, Emperor Michael VII Doukas and his mother, Roxandra, wife of the ruler of Moldavia Alexander, undertook the reconstruction of the Monastery anew, after the intense period of decline, in which the Monastery had fallen. At the beginning of the 17th century, the tower of the Monastery was renovated and strengthened, while in 1660 it was recognized as «Stavropigiaki». In the 18th century, the bell tower of the Monastery was built. During the Revolution of 1821, the Holy Monastery of Dochiari was heavily looted by the Turks, who tortured the monks and stole its relics. In addition, the Monastery lost the majority of its property. When does the Holy Monastery of Dochiari celebrate: Synagogue of the Archangels, November 8 The Holy Monastery of Dochiari was originally dedicated to Saint Nikolaos. However, after various miracles of the Holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel, it was decided that the monastery would celebrate at the Synaxis of the Archangels. Because the Holy Monastery of Dochiari is considered the monastery of the Military The Holy Monastery of Dochiari is considered as the Athonite monastery of the military because its patrons are the Archangels Michael and Gabriel, who are patrons of the Air Force. Every year, on the monastery's feast day crowds of pilgrims flock, among them many military personnel of the Air Force, from all over Greece. In addition, the miraculous icon of Panagia Gorgoepikoos, located in the monastery, has performed dozens of miracles for the personnel of the Armed Forces and Security Forces. Thus, the Holy Monastery of Dochiari has received the nickname of the Athonite Monastery of the Military. The Library and the Holy Relics located in the Holy Monastery of Dochiari Panagia Gorgoepikoos The greatest and most important relic is the miraculous icon of Panagia Gorgoepikoos. According to tradition, during the 17th century, Panagia Gorgoepikoos healed a blind man, and since then many patients pray to Panagia for healing. Panagia Gorgoepikoos is located to the right of the entrance of the refectory (trapeza), inside a special chapel, where every day a monk sings the prayer to Panagia. Every September, specifically from September 6-7 to 14, the icon of Panagia Gorgoepikoos comes out of Mount Athos and is transferred to the women's metochi of Panagia Theoskepasto in Soho, Lagada, Thessaloniki. Thus, multitudes of believers flock to worship the miraculous icon of the Virgin Mary. Many relics, gold-embroidered fabrics, wood-carved crosses, holy relics of Saints and a piece of the Holy Cross are kept in the monastery's sacristy. 545 manuscripts and more than 5,000 printed books are kept in the library of the Holy Monastery of Dochiari. In addition to the share of Panagia Theoskepasto in Soho, Thessaloniki, the Holy Monastery of Dochiari belongs to six chapels and two Cells in Karyes. Contact with Dochiari Monastery: Phone: +30 2377 0 23245 Email: [email protected]

Holy Monastery of Pantokrator: the history of the Monastery with Panagia Gerontissa

Where is the Monastery of Pantokratoros and when does it celebrate? The Holy Monastery of Pantokratoros is one of the seaside monasteries of Mount Athos and is located on the north-eastern side of Athos. It is built on a rock, at an altitude of 40-50 m. and is 3.5 hours from Karyes on foot. The ancient city of Thyssos is located not far from the Monastery. Pantokratoros Monastery celebrates the Transfiguration of Jesus Christ on August 6 and is in seventh place in the hierarchy of the monasteries of Mount Athos. When was the Monastery of Pantokratoros founded and who is its founder? According to the tradition, the monastery's founder is considered to be the emperor Alexios Komnenos. However, official testimonies come to the conclusion that the founders of the Monastery were the brothers Alexios, the great general and John, the great Primitikirios. We do not know exactly when the construction of the monastery began, but in 1358 the monastery already existed and was possibly inaugurated in 1362 by the Patriarch of Constantinople Kallistos I'. The help of Paleologos dynasty and the expansion of the Monastery The favor of the Paleologos dynasty was evident, as John IV Paleologos, already from the foundation of the Monastery, provided financial assistance. In the Monastery of Pantokratoros, ancient monasteries were incorporated, such as those of Saint Auxentios, Dorotheos, Kynopodos, Ravdouchos, Fakinos and Falakros. According to historical data, Alexios died around 1368, while John seems to have retired to Pantokratoros Monastery in 1384, where he became a monk. The brothers helped a lot the Monastery of Pantokratoros and most of the metochia, that the monastery owned, were due to the financial help of the brothers. The icon of Jesus Christ Pantocrator, which is currently in the museum in St. Petersburg, Russia, was also a gift from the brothers to the monastery. The fires engulf the Pantokratoros Monastery In 1390, an extensive fire destroyed a large part of Pantokratoros Monastery, but it was soon restored with the assistance of Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos and Patriarch Antonio IV. Afterwards, the Monastery of Pantokratoros was renovated and expanded in the 16th century with the money offered by rulers of the Danube regions. During this period the Monastery experiences a great period of prosperity and spiritual radiation. Benefactors of the Monastery help in the reconstruction Among the great benefactors of the Monastery is the Greek Phanariot Ioannis Mavrokordatos, who strengthened the monastery during the 18th century. Another big fire broke out in 1773 and destroyed many buildings and facilities of the Monastery. In this difficulty, the help of the monk Cyril was sagnificant. The Monastery of Pantokratoros in the Ottoman Empire and in recent years The Monastery of Pantokratoros, despite its massive debts, did not lose its vitality during the years of the Turkish occupation. Great personalities, such as Patriarch Kallistos II Xanthopoulos, Simeon and Theonas, Archbishops of Thessaloniki, lived in the Monastery. In recent years, Pantokratoros Monastery was once again affected by a fire in 1948. The Restoration Service undertook the reconstruction of the charred buildings. The buildings and metochia of Pantokratoros Monastery The Church of the Monastery is dedicated to the Transfiguration of the Savior (August 6) and was built at the same time as the Monastery. In the Church there is the tomb of the founders of the Monastery, John and Alexios, as well as an exceptional iconostasis dating from 1622-1640. In addition, it seems that the Church has its own distinct and autonomous architectural course, as well as special iconography by Matthew John from Naoussa. The original iconography of the Church dates back to the third quarter of the 14th century, probably in 1538, and was painted over in 1854. The iconostasis of the Church is perhaps the oldest on Mount Athos. The bell tower is a 19th century building. The metochia of Pantokratoros Monastery include the Skete of Prophet Elias, 5 Cells and 38 Huts in the area of Kapsala. Also, in the Monastery there are 7 chapels inside the monastery and another 7 chapels outside. The Monastery of Pantokratoros has the sovereignty of 5 Cells in the area of Karia. In recent times he acquired many metochia in Greece, Asia Minor and Wallachia, of which he currently owns none. The Monastery ranks seventh in the hierarchy among the Monasteries of Mount Athos and returned to the communal system in 1992. The Library and the relics of Pantokratoros Monastery In the Monastery, several relics of Saints are kept, such as Saint Ioannikios of Olympus in Bithynia, Theodore the Soldier and Saints Cosmas and Damianos. In addition, the sacristy of Pantokratoros Monastery houses important religious and historical relics, such as a piece of Holy Wood, part of the shield of Saint Mercury and icons dating from the 14th century. As the main icon of the Monastery, Panagia Gerontissa is honored, which is one of the miraculous icons of Mount Athos. Here you can find images of Panagia Gerontissa. The library of the monastery includes about 350 manuscript codices and about 3,500 forms. The documents of the Monastery are Greek, Turkish and one Vlach from the 17th century. Here you can find more information about Panagia Gerontissa. Contact with Monastery of Pantokratoros: Phone: +30 23770 23880, +30 23770 23685 Email: [email protected]

Holy Great Monastery of Vatopedi: the Athoniada Academy and the miraculous icons of the Virgin Mary

When was the Holy Monastery of Vatopedi built & who are considered its founders? The Holy Great Monastery of Vatopedi has a long history. It is geographically located approximately in the middle of the north-eastern coast of the Athos peninsula, on the easternmost slope of the cove of the same name. We do not know the exact date of the establishment of the Monastery, however there is evidence that testify to the time period when the activity of the monks began in this place. What does popular tradition say about the establishment of the Monastery According to the tradition, in the 4th century AD, the Byzantine emperor Theodosius the Great (379–395 AD) laid the foundations for the reconstruction of the monastery, as a gesture of gratitude for the salvation of his son, Arkadius. Arcadius was sailing towards Rome, when suddenly the ship was wrecked and he himself was miraculously saved by the intervention of the Virgin Mary. Arkadius was found on the shores of the Athonian Peninsula, sleeping next to a reed. This story partly explains how the Vatopedi Monastery got its name. Essentially, it is about the "vato" (=a place with wild vegetation and reeds) where the child, that is, Arkadios, was found. A second interpretation, states that the name of the Monastery comes from the numerous wats that existed in the surrounding plain (Vatopedi = plain of wats). Consequently, we accept that the name Vatopaidi (Βατοπαίδι) or Vatopedi (Βατοπέδι) is acceptable and has the correct spelling. Historical facts about the establishment of the Monastery Historical data show that the Vatopedi Monastery was founded between 972 and 985 AD. and it is due to three lords from Andrianoupolis, Athanasios, Nikolaos and Antonios, who were students of Saint Athanasios the Athonite. In fact, Saint Athanasios the Athonite is considered the founder of the Athonian monastic state. According to the Standard of Emperor John Tsimiskis in 972 AD, the operation and responsibilities of the central administration on Mount Athos are regulated, among other things. In addition, based on the above, the positions of the First, the officials of the Protatus, and also of the Synod of Carians are defined. At the same time, the relationships between the monks and their various categories are defined. At the official paper of Emperor John Tsimiskis in 972 AD, the signature of a representative of the Vatopedi Monastery is absent, however, in deeds of 985 AD. and of 1016 AD the official representative with the right to sign is "Nicholaos monk and abbot of Vatopedi". It seems, therefore, that Nicholaos is one of the three abbots, who laid the foundations of the Vatopedi Monastery. In which hierarchical order is the Vatopedi Monastery according to the official classification The Statutory Charter of the Athonian State was established in 1924 and defines the hierarchical position of the twenty Monasteries of Mount Athos. The origin of the hierarchical classification of monasteries can be traced almost nine centuries before, in 1045 AD, to the Second Standard, which was issued by the Byzantine emperor Constantine the Great. The hierarchy of the monasteries is based mainly on the year the monasteries were founded, i.e. on their antiquity. Thus, the Holy Great Monastery of Vatopedi is in second place in the ranking, as the only monastery that precedes it in time is the Great Lavra, which was founded in 964 AD, i.e. about eight years earlier. The Holy Monastery of Vatopedi over the centuries: brief history of the monastery Information about the activity of the Vatopedi Monastery during the 12th century is limited. However, at the end of the century we know that Serbian monks appeared. Among them were Prince Rastko and his father Stefanos Nemania, who were later renamed Savvas and Simeon. Essentially, these are the two Saints of the Serbian Church and founders of the Holy Monastery of Hilandari (1199 AD). In fact, the two saints helped significantly in the expansion of the construction works of the Vatopedi Monastery. During the 13th century, the Vatopedi Monastery received the title of “Vasiliki”, an element that demonstrates the prosperity of the monastery and is associated with the Palaiologos dynasty. Pirate raids hit the Vatopedi Monastery During the second half of the 13th century, the Vatopedi Monastery, like the entire Athonian State, suffered a lot from the raids of Catalan pirates and Turkish raiders. The period of the Frankish occupation was difficult for the Garden of Virgin Mary, however there were many hermits, who decided to settle in the Athonian peninsula. In fact, one of them was Gregorios Palamas, starting his ascetic life here. The period of Ottoman rule In 1423-1424 AD, the Athonian peninsula comes under Ottoman rule and experiences extensive economic burdens. The effort of the Vatopedi fathers for the Monastery to survive in the new situation, but also to develop, was the greatest. At the beginning of the 16th century, Saint Maximus the Greek went to the Holy Monastery of Vatopedi and stayed for about 10 years. In 1505-1506 AD he became a monk and characterized the Monastery as a kind of great Lavra. At the beginning of the 18th century, the entire Mount Athos was hit by extreme financial burdens from the Turks. The Holy Monastery of Vatopedi, Iviron and Hilandar were able to cope financially and tried to help the poorer monasteries by lending money to repay the bills. The establishment of the Athoniada Academy By the middle of the 18th century, the Monastery had recovered financially and managed to establish the Athoniada Academy (1748 AD), on the initiative of Hieromonk Meletios. The recovery period was interrupted by the inglorious end of the 1821 revolution in Macedonia led by the Macedonian fighter Emmanuel Papas. This event brought about a series of reprisals for the entire Mount Athos, while many relics were stolen by the Turks. In 1912 Mount Athos was freed from the Turkish yoke after the intervention of the Greek army. The Library and the relics of the Vatopedi Monastery Approximately 1,700 manuscripts are stored in the monastery's library, including 600 codices on parchment, 25 scrolls and 10,000 forms. One of the most important manuscripts of Vatopedi is the Geography of the Greek astronomer Claudius Ptolemy, which dates back to the 11th century. Many treasures of great historical and religious value are kept in the monastery's sacristy. During the 14th century, the Serbian ruler Lazarus I had donated to the Monastery the Belt of the Virgin, which is divided into three pieces and, for security reasons, is kept in three silver and gold boxes. In addition, part of the Holy Cross and part of the reed, on which the sponge with which Jesus was given vinegar on the Cross of Martyrdom was placed, is kept in the Monastery. The sacred relics of Agios Evdokimos of Vatopedinos are kept in the monastery's sacristy. Finally, in the Holy Monastery of Vatopedi we find many miraculous icons of the Virgin Mary. The icon of Panagia Paramythia, Panagia Vimatarissa, Pantanassa, Pyrobolethisis, Antiphonatria and Esphagmeni. Here you can find more information about the miraculous icons on Mount Athos. Contact with Monastery of Vatopedi: Phone: +30 2377 0 88088 Email: [email protected], [email protected]

Simonopetra Monastery: an architectural wonder in the monastic state of Mount Athos

One of the most imposing monasteries of Mount Athos, the Holy Monastery of Simonos Petra is built on the edge of a steep granite rock and balances between heaven and earth, in a unique and impressive way. The majestic edifice is defined by a seven-story turreted building, on a large turreted base, it is located at a distance of about 300 m. from the sea and is actually a special example of bold Byzantine engineering. The historical life of the Holy Patriarchal Monastery of Simonopetra has a continuous course of approximately eight centuries, which ranks it in the 13th hierarchical position among the 20 monasteries of Mount Athos. Where is the Holy Monastery of Simonos Petra and how is it accessed? The Holy Monastery of Simonopetra is the first Monastery that we come across after the port of Dafni, following the route to the south. In order for a pilgrim to visit the Monastery, he will have to follow the dirt road approximately 10 km long from Dafni, or he will have to reach the site of the Monastery by boat. If a pilgrim comes from the Holy Monastery of Gregory, which is next to Simonopetra, then he follows the dirt road by car for about 2.5 km, or he takes the boat again. From the moment one arrives at the monastery ramparts, it follows an uphill path of half an hour to the entrance of the monastery. Where did Simonopetra get its name from and who is the founder of the Monastery The vision that Saint Simon saw with the Virgin Mary Saint Simon the Myrovlites was the founder of the Holy Monastery of Simonopetra in 1254 AD, after a vision he saw with the Virgin Mary. Saint Simon lived ascetic life in a cave located near the place where the monastery was later built, praying constantly. In the period just before Christmas, Saint Simon saw the same vision for many nights: a star standing out from the sky and standing on the opposite rock, at the place where the monastery is today built "as if a star was seen from the sky, and stood on the opposite rock, where the venerable Monastery is now built". On the night of Christmas, Saint Simon felt as if he was in Bethlehem of Judea and saw the Lord in the manger swaddled "it seemed to him that he was found in Bethlehem of Judea as if he saw... our Lord lying in the manger". At the same time, suddenly, he heard a heavenly divine voice commanding him to build on the rock that bathed in the starlight "star composite light", the New Bethlehem, i.e. today's Simonopetra. Saint Simon heard the following words three times and made the decision to build the Holy Monastery, which he initially called New Bethlehem. "here you must establish, O Simon, your community and save souls, and be careful; do not disbelieve, as before, I want to be your helper; look, do not doubt, so that you do not suffer any harm" Indeed, then, Saint Simon built the Monastery, gave it the name Nea Bethlehem and dedicated its Church to the name of the Nativity of the Lord in the flesh. Some years later, on December 28, 1257, when Saint Simon had already reached a great age, he fell asleep peacefully. After his death, the Monastery was renamed Simonopetra, in honor of the Saint. Thus, the prophecy of the Virgin Mary, who prevented him from leaving this place, is verified, telling him: "I will glorify this place with your name". The action of the new founder of Simonopetra, Serbian abbot John Ouglesis In the period 1365-1371 AD the Holy Monastery of Simonopetra is in a new period of prosperity, during which the Serbian John Ouglesis, despot of Serres, acts and benefits as the new founder. According to tradition, a relative of the despot, perhaps his son, was miraculously cured and John Ouglesis asked to enlarge the small Monastery, making donations and dedications. This wealth enabled the renovation of Simonopetra, equipping it with a new rampart, towers, cells and other ancillary buildings. In addition, the central temple of the monastery was enriched with sacred relics, icons, books and rich utensils. Thanks to the important donations of the abbot John Ouglesis, Simonopetra experienced great days of prosperity, as a result of which he is remembered as the founder of the Monastery. The King Joasaph in Simonopetra At that time, King Joasaph was also in Simonopetra, following an ascetic life and without revealing his noble origin. In fact, Joasaph is one of the first saints of the Monastery and is depicted in the icon of the church with the inscription "Holy Joasaph, son of the king and builder, in the same Monastery as an ascetic". The memory of Saint Joasaph is commemorated together with the memory of the first founder Saint Simon, on December 28. The fires that destroyed Simonopetra The first catastrophic lightning fire On December 11, 1580, lightning struck the Holy Monastery of Simonopetra and caused a large and devastating fire. The walls of the Monastery, the cells, the books, the chrysobul and other important relics were completely destroyed. Most of the monks managed to save themselves by descending with ropes from the walls to the cliff, but unfortunately some fathers met a martyr's death. The following years in Simonopetra after the fire In 1782, Dionysios Papadatos from Zakynthos was appointed abbot of the Monastery, who endowed Simonopetra with holy relics, including the hand of Saint Dionysios of Zakynthos. In 1861 Neophytos Molakas (1828-1907), from Alatsata in Asia Minor, was elected abbot of the monastery. In 1888 abbot Neophytos received permission to make a fundraising tour in Russia, accompanied by hieromonk Dionysios and deacon Ioannikios. The fathers started their tour having in their luggage the sacred palladium of the Monastery, the imperishable and sacred relic of the holy apostle and ointment-bearing Mary Magdalene. The tour lasted four years, performing supplications and consecrations before the holy relics, in every city, from European Russia, Petersburg, Moscow and Kiev to Kazan, Samara and Astrakhan on the Caspian. The third devastating fire in Simonopetra As the fathers' tour drew to a close, another devastating fire engulfed Simonopetra in flames. This time, the fire started from the oven of the Monastery and soon spread to the east side, which it burned to the ground. On that night, May 28, 1891 dawned, giving Simonopetra deep wounds and ruins once more. The east side, the courtyard and the Temple were burnt down, destroying manuals, frescoes, relics, precious manuscripts and great works of the library. Also, the bank, the mansion, several cells and four chapels were completely burned, leaving behind only ashes. To the comfort of the monks, the sacristy with all the relics, documents, holy relics and vestments were left intact. After four years in foreign places, Abbot Neophytos returned to Simonopetra and found the Monastery in a tragic state. All the efforts to renovate the monastery were wasted after the fire. This dramatic situation brought the idea of building the Monastery in a new location, but the abbot decided not to abandon the place, due to the historicity, but also the respect for the person of Saint Simon. Immediately, therefore, the work to renovate the Monastery began again and by 1893 most of the monastery was completed. However, instead of restoring the damaged eastern side, Abbot Neophytos decided to build from the ground up a new multi-storey wing, dedicated to Saint Mary Magdalene. The resignation of abbot Neophytos and the new abbot Ioannikios A few years after the completion of the renovation, in March 1906, Abbot Neophytos submitted his resignation from the administration of the Monastery, after forty-five years of hegemony. The advanced age of the elder Neophytos, the toils and sufferings, combined with the strain on his eyesight, were the main reasons that led him to resign. Hieromonk Ioannikios Vardalas took over the reins, who was a companion of Neophytos on the tour to Russia and worked tirelessly alongside the abbot to save the Monastery. Elder Neophytos fell asleep a year later, on the eve of Akathistos in 1907, leaving behind the monastery in its heyday with about seventy monks, most of whom came from Asia Minor. Simonopetra after the Liberation of Mount Athos from the Turks On November 2, 1912, Mount Athos is freed from the Turkish yoke, with the intervention of the Greek fleet with the battleship "Averof". A few years later, in 1919 and at the age of only 52, abbot Ioannikios died, giving his position to abbot Ieronymos, an important monk for the course of the Monastery. However, the issue of changing the calendar divided the Monastery and led to the eviction of the elder Hieronymos. After 43 years of uninterrupted activity in Simonopetra, Ieronymos was transferred in 1931 as a spiritual person to the Holy Temple of the Ascension in Athens, a temple which is part of Simonopetra. Elder Hieronymus died on January 7, 1957, but his tomb in the Ascension stake remained empty. The holy relics of the abbot of Simonopetra returned to the homeland, in Simonopetra, and were left as a legacy for the course of the Monastery. Simonopetra during the German Occupation During the years of the German occupation, the entire Mount Athos suffered, facing many problems, among which lack of monks. This lack created the need for an external spiritual, who would confess the fathers. At that time, Simonopetra had the blessing of hosting Fr. Gelasios, who acted as arsanari, despite the dangers that this position entailed. Among other things, elder Gelasios had the luck and blessing to transport elder Sophronio in his boat from the caves of Saint Paul, where he was an ascetic, to confess the fathers. Father Sophronios is none other than the later founder of the Holy Monastery of Saint John of Essex. A new period of prosperity for Simonopetra In September 1973, under the spiritual guidance of Archibishop Emilianos, a brotherhood of monks settles in Simonopetra, who until recently lived in the Holy Transfiguration Monastery of Meteora and were looking for a quieter place for prayer and exercise. Father Emilianos undertook the reorganization and care of the new monks, creating a strong community with devotion and respect for the monastic tradition. Respecting the Standard of the Church and with the proper cultivation of the youthful enthusiasm that possessed the brotherhood, Father Emilianos managed to restore Simonopetra to a prosperous period. In 1995, the health of the elder Emilianos is shaken and he is forced to leave Mount Athos. When does the Holy Monastery of Simonopetra celebrate? The Holy Monastery of Simonopetra celebrates three times a year, according to the old calendar, like all the monasteries of Mount Athos: on December 25, the Birth of Jesus Christ, on December 28, the feast of Saint Simon the founder, and on July 22, the feast of Saint Mary Magdalene. It is important to mention that the left hand of Saint Mary Magdalene and Myroforos has been kept in the sacristy of the Holy Monastery of Simonopetra for 2,000 years. Saint Mary Magdalene is honored as the co-founder of Simonopetra. Properties - benefices "metochia" of the Holy Monastery of Simonopetra The Holy Monastery of Simonos Petra owns many metochia, both in Greece and in France: the Metochi of Saint Charalambos in Thessaloniki, the Metochi of the Ascension of the Lord in Byron Attica, the Metochi of Saints Artemis and Antipa in Sifnos, the Metochi of Panagia of Trygis in Propuli Limnos, with the miraculous icon of the Virgin Mary, the Metochi of the Annunciation in Ormylia, Halkidiki, the Holy Sanctuary of Saint Nicodemus in Pentalofos Goumenissa, where the icon of the Virgin Mary of Asia Minor from the Iconium of Asia Minor is kept. In France, he has the Metochion of Saint Anthony, south of the city of Lyon, the Metochion of Agia Skepi in Solan, in the south of France and the Metochion of the Transfiguration of the Savior in central France, in the Terasson region south of the city of Limoges. The Library and the relics of the Simonopetra Monastery After the fire that burned down the Library of the Monastery, today only 42 parchments from the 10th and 14th centuries, as well as 210 paper codices from the 14th and 19th centuries, survive. The relics of the Monastery include many relics of Saints, such as Saint Paul the Patriarch of Constantinople, Saint Kirikos, Saint Dionysios the Areopagite and Saint Sergius the martyr. Perhaps the most important relic is considered to be the left hand of Saint Mary Magdalene. Contact with Holy Monastery of Simonopetra: Phone: +30 23770 23254, +30 23750 94098 Email: [email protected]

Saint Nektarios of Aegina: the Life of the Saint - celebrates November 9

When was Saint Nektarios born and what was his real name Saint Nektarios was born on October 1, 1846 AD. in Silivria in Thrace by Demos and Vasiliki Kefala and was the fifth of their six children. His secular name was Anastasios. The early years of his life and how he became a monk At the age of 14, he moved to Constantinople, where he worked as a clerk and then as a teacher at the school of Metochi of the Holy Sepulcher. Afterwards, he went to Chios, where he served as a public teacher in the village of Litheio from 1866 AD. until 1876 AD. In 1876 AD he became a monk in the New Monastery of Chios with the name Lazarus. A year later, on January 15, 1877 AD. he was ordained a deacon with the name Nektarios, by the Metropolitan of Chios Gregorios (1860 - 1877 AD), and assumed the secretariat of the Metropolis. The Studies of Saint Nektarios – Life in Athens and Egypt In 1881 AD he came to Athens, where at the expense of the Patriarch of Alexandria Sophronius IV (1870 - 1899 AD), he studied Theology and received his degree in 1885 AD. Then, the Patriarch of Alexandria, Sophronius IV, ordained him in 1886 AD. elder and gave him the duties of secretary and Preacher of the Patriarchate of Alexandria. He was also Patriarchal Commissar in Cairo. Saint Nektarios ordained Metropolitan of Pentapolis On January 15, 1889 AD, he was ordained Metropolitan of Pentapolis. His actions as Metropolitan was memorable and because of this he was a main candidate for the patriarchal throne of Alexandria. However, due to shameful slanders against Patriarch Sophronius, the humble Nektarios, in order not to grieve the old Patriarch, returned to Greece (1889 AD). The return of Saint Nektarios to Greece He was the Preacher of Evia, Fthiotida and Phocis and director of the Rizareio Ecclesiastical School in Athens (1894 - 1904 AD). After the death of Patriarch Sophronius of Alexandria (1899 AD), Nektarios was invited to succeed him, but the Saint refused. The Monastery of Saint Nektarios in Aegina In 1904 AD founded a women's Monastery of Holy Trinity in Aegina, of which he personally took over the administration, after resigning from the Rizario School. Since 1908, Saint Nektarios lived in a small house near the monastery. He wrote several works, mainly edifying and for the divine liturgy. His humility and charity were proverbial. Here you can read in detail about the Monastery of Holy Trinity founded by Saint Nektarios in Aegina and the house where he lived (photographs). When did Saint Nektarios die and where is his tomb? Saint Nektarios died in the evening of November 8, 1920 and was buried in the Holy Monastery Agias Triadas in Aegina. Saint Nektarios performed many miracles, before and after his death. His Holy relics were collected on September 3, 1953 and on April 20, 1961 by Act of the Ecumenical Patriarchate, he was proclaimed a Saint of the Orthodox Church. Saint Nektarios is considered the patron saint of the poor, the weak and those looking for work. Here you can read the prayer of Saint Nektarios to Virgin Mary. Dismissal Hymn of Saint Nektarios O faithful, let us honour Nectarios, divine servant of Christ, offspring of Silivria and guardian of Aegina, who in these latter years was manifested as the true friend of virtue. All manner of healing wells forth for those who in piety cry out, "Glory to Christ who glorified you; glory to Him who, through you, wrought wonders; glory to Him Who, through you, works healing for all. Ἀπολυτίκιον Τῆς ἐρήμου πολίτης. Σηλυβρίας τὸν γόνον καὶ Αἰγίνης τὸν ἔφορον, τὸν ἐσχάτοις χρόνοις φανέντα ἀρετῆς φίλον γνήσιον, Νεκτάριον τιμήσωμεν πιστοί, ὡς ἔνθεον θεράποντα Χριστοῦ, ἀναβλύζει γὰρ ἰάσεις παντοδαπὰς τοῖς εὐλαβῶς κραυγάζουσι. Δόξα τῷ σὲ δοξάσαντι Χριστῷ, δόξα τῷ σὲ θαυματώσαντι, δόξα τῷ ἐνεργοῦντι διὰ σοῦ πᾶσιν ἰάματα. Here you can find all the icons of Saint Nektarios of Aegina.

The Monastery of Holy Trinity in Aegina founded by Saint Nektarios: the house where Saint Nektarios lived and his Tomb (photos)

Where is the Holy Monastery of Saint Nektarios? The Holy Monastery of Holy Trinity - Saint Nektarios is located in Aegina, in the area of Xantos, near the village of Kontos. Access to the monastery can be done either by car, bus or taxi, as it is only 6 km from the port. The history of the monastery The history of the monastery is lost in the Byzantium era, where there was a monastery dedicated to Zoodochos Pigi at that point. Osia Athanasia had lived as an ascetic in this monastery, but over the years it was abandoned. In 1904, Saint Nektarios decided to restore the monastery and house the Holy Trinity Monastery there. The works for the restoration of the Monastery lasted from 1904 to 1907. A year later, in 1908, Saint Nektarios left the management of the Rizarei School and retired to the Monastery. Where Saint Nektarios lived: the house of Saint Nektarios Saint Nektarios lived the last 12 years of his life in the monastery, from 1908 to 1920. In fact, he lived in a small house outside the boundaries of the monastery, as the monastery was for women. The little house of Saint Nektarios is still preserved today and is open to pilgrims. There, visitors have the opportunity to see up close the personal belongings of the Saint, the place where he prayed and wrote his writings, as well as the innumerable dedications of the faithful. Here you can find all the icons with Saint Nektarios of Aegina. The Tomb of Saint Nektarios: the shrine with the relics of the Saint In 1908, Saint Nektarios had inaugurated the Church of the Holy Trinity. Today, next to this temple there is another temple, dedicated to Saint Nektarios. Near that point is the small church with the tomb of the Saint. Saint Nektarios died of terminal illness in the afternoon of November 8, 1920. The Saint's body remained incorruptible for 21 whole years. Almost 40 years later, on April 20, 1961, by Act of the Ecumenical Patriarchate, he was declared a Saint of the Orthodox Church. Here you can read the prayer of Saint Nektarios to Virgin Mary. When does the Monastery of Holy Trinity - Saint Nektarios celebrate? The Holy Monastery of Holy Trinity celebrates twice: on September 3, when the holy relics of Saint Nektarios were collected in 1963, and on November 9, when the saint fell asleep. Visit to the Monastery of Holy Trinity - Saint Nektarios As in all the monasteries of our country, visitors to the Holy Monastery of the Holy Trinity must respect the dress code, i.e. wear long clothes (no short pants, open blouses and short dresses). In addition, the monastery has some guest rooms to accommodate the faithful during the night. In any case, you should contact the Monastery in person to get more information about availability. Communication with the Monastery of Holy Trinity - Saint Nektarios Contact numbers: 2297053800, 2297053803, 2297053806 email: [email protected] Open hours of the Monastery: daily 6:00 am. to 7:30 pm. The schedule may be modified according to the needs of the monastery. Dismissal Hymn of Saint Nektarios O faithful, let us honour Nectarios, divine servant of Christ, offspring of Silivria and guardian of Aegina, who in these latter years was manifested as the true friend of virtue. All manner of healing wells forth for those who in piety cry out, "Glory to Christ who glorified you; glory to Him who, through you, wrought wonders; glory to Him Who, through you, works healing for all. Ἀπολυτίκιον Τῆς ἐρήμου πολίτης. Σηλυβρίας τὸν γόνον καὶ Αἰγίνης τὸν ἔφορον, τὸν ἐσχάτοις χρόνοις φανέντα ἀρετῆς φίλον γνήσιον, Νεκτάριον τιμήσωμεν πιστοί, ὡς ἔνθεον θεράποντα Χριστοῦ, ἀναβλύζει γὰρ ἰάσεις παντοδαπὰς τοῖς εὐλαβῶς κραυγάζουσι. Δόξα τῷ σὲ δοξάσαντι Χριστῷ, δόξα τῷ σὲ θαυματώσαντι, δόξα τῷ ἐνεργοῦντι διὰ σοῦ πᾶσιν ἰάματα.